The Meaning for the Common Spanish Surname Colon

The common Spanish surname, Colon, most commonly derives from the Spanish given name Colà ³n, meaning dove, from the Latin colombus, colomba. As a personal name, it was favored by early Christians because the dove was considered to be the symbol of the Holy Spirit. The Colon last name is comparable to the Italian and Portuguese surname Colombo. Etymology The Colon surname may also have English origins, being a variant of Colin derived from the Greek personal name Nicholas, meaning power of the people, from the  elements nickan, meaning to conquer, and laos, or people. The surname is considered to be of Spanish and English origin. In the 17th and 18th centuries, it was discovered that several Colon families moved to the Caribbean Islands and the Central American region. Colon is known as the 53rd most common Hispanic surname.  According to  Public Profiler: World Names, the majority of individuals with the Colon surname live in the United States, followed by additional concentrations in countries like Spain, Luxembourg, Belgium, and France.   Alternate Surname Spellings CoulonCollonCoulonsCoulombCoulomCoullonCoullonsCoulhonCoulombsDecoullonsDecoulons Famous People With the Surname Cristà ³bal Colà ³n aka Christopher Columbus: Famous Italian explorer best known for his discovery of the New World.Carlos Colà ³n: Retired Puerto Rican professional wrestler. He is the father of wrestlers Carly Colà ³n, known professionally as Carlito, and Eddie Colà ³n, known professionally as Primo Colà ³n. He is also the uncle of WWE wrestler Epico, whose birth name is Orlando Colà ³n.Ashley Colon:  Puerto Rican artist singer originally from Jamaica. She started her career in the tropical music band Las Chicas del Clean, translating to the girls of the clan. Genealogy Resources 100 Common Hispanic Surnames Their MeaningsGarcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez. Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 100 common Hispanic last names?COLON Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Colon surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Colon query.FamilySearch - COLON GenealogyFind records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Colon surname and its variations.COLON Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Colon surname.DistantCousin.com - COLON Genealogy Family HistoryFree databases and genealogy links for the last name Colon. Use the resource First Name Meanings to find the meaning of a given name. If you cant find your last name listed, you can suggest a surname be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings and Origins. References: Surname Meanings and Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German-Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

The Treaty of Versailles Essay - 1924 Words

Paris 1919 brought a political move that would alter history in ways its creators never foresaw. The Treaty of Versailles, written at the Paris Peace Conference by the Big Four allied nations, officially ended World War I and stated the terms of settlement. Representatives from the United States, Britain, France, and Italy made up the Big Four: Woodrow Wilson, David Lloyd George, Georges Clemenceau, and Vittorio Orlando respectively. Although Orlando eventually walked out because he wasn’t getting everything he wanted (Meyer 610). These four men each had his own ideas of what the treaty would entail and what the repercussions for the war would be. Britain had already accomplished what it set out to by the end of the war, so Prime Minister†¦show more content†¦What happened was an unsuccessful conference and a treaty that blamed Germany for the entire war. At the Paris Peace Conference an original 37 powers came together and sought solutions to settle things not just in Europe but in the whole world. Instead a series of events led to massive tension between countries. First, Italy, who was given more land than originally promised, â€Å"indignantly packed up and returned to Rome† when it was denied Fiume in Croatia (Meyer 612). Italy had emerged from the war stronger than ever before and saw no reason to stay on good terms with Britain and France since it had no threatening neighboring countries (612). However, its democracy had become shaken during the war, and it cleared the way for Benito Mussolini (612). Second, Japan, who prospered economically during the war with trade, asked for an â€Å"‘equality clause’ that would declare discrimination on the basis of race to be unacceptable†(612). Nevertheless, Wilson and Australia objected because neither or them accepted Asian immigrants and Japan dismissed the West completely after that. Thirdly, when Smyrna, an Aegean port city, was given to Greece, Mustafa Kemal led a T urkish nationalist movement that lasted until Smyrna was taken away from the hands of Greece. Lastly, Britain and France divided land inShow MoreRelatedThe Treaty Of Versailles Treaty1188 Words   |  5 Pagesthe defeat of the Central Powers (German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, Ottoman Empire, and the Russian Empire) and the signage of the Versailles Treaty. This treaty along with the League of Nations was created to prevent another global crusade from happening again, but failed and led to World War II, which started only twenty years after the Treaty of Versailles was endorsed. And even with end of the Great War, it was evident that the world would never return to how it once was, four years earlierRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Versailles Treaty Essay1604 Words   |  7 Pages1.A) Source A believes that the cause of hostilities in poland were the direct result of British actions. The first issue discussed is the unfavorable terms of the Versailles Treaty. Article A states that germany had tried to change some of the harshest policies of the Versailles Treaty however, the British government did not cooperate with their efforts. Additionally the article states that it is British intervention in the domestic policies of poland that prevented a peaceful solution from beingRead MoreThe Treaty Of The Versailles Treaty1861 Words   |  8 PagesWhat responsibility did each of the â€Å"Big Three† have for the failure of the Versailles Treaty to bring peace to Europe? Be sure to discuss what each wanted to accomplish. The treaty of the Versailles was an agreement between France, England and the United states. Its intentions were to prevent a second world war however, it was a total fail. An obvious reason for not being effective could be because not everyone was included in the conference such as Russia, and Central Powers. Instead, Prime ministerRead MoreThe Treaty of Versailles1684 Words   |  7 PagesInvestigation The Treaty of Versailles was created to bring peace between nations after WWI. This investigation will answer the following question: To what extent did the Treaty of Versailles bring peace? In this investigation, the extent of the Versailles Treaty’s success will be evaluated by examining the period of its development, 1918, to the rise of Hitler, 1933. Several sources were used in this investigation including a number of books that look at the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and the reactionsRead MoreTreaty of Versailles1349 Words   |  6 PagesThe Treaty of Versailles was intended to be a peace agreement between the Allies and the Germans, instead with the harsh end terms for Germany, it created political and economic chaos in Germany. By the end of the First World War, Germany had surrendered and signed a peace agreement. The task of forming a peace agreement was now in the hands of the Allies. In December of 1918, the Allies met in Versailles to start on the peace se ttlement. The main countries and their representatives were: The UnitedRead More Treaty of Versailles1280 Words   |  6 Pages The end of World War I was finalized by the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919. It was signed by Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan but not the United States, as the U.S. drafted its own treaty with Germany in 1921. Many historians argue that the Treaty of Versailles was the major cause of World War II which occurred twenty years later. On the Treaty’s most superficial level, the extreme punishment and fines that were levied by the Allied Powers on the Germans were causesRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles In Germany : The Causes Of The Treaty Of Versailles751 Words   |  4 PagesA treaty that was designed to end all wars actually ended up setting the stage for the worst one that the world has ever seen. The newly formed German democratic government saw the Versailles Treaty as a â€Å"dictated peace† (Diktat). The peac e treaty did not ultimately help to settle the international disputes which had initiated World War I; on the contrary, the treaty exposed the underlying issues which had caused the war in the first place. Hitler was able to gain a foothold in German society andRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles2228 Words   |  9 PagesUpon signing the Treaty of Versailles in June 1919, then British Prime Minister Lloyd George declared: â€Å"We will have to fight another war in 25 years time, and at three times the cost.† This ominous prediction came true as the controversial peace settlement brought no end to conflict in Europe. The Treaty was described by critics as Carthaginian: a peace so brutal it crushes the defeated side. This was the intention of the Allies, who felt a disabled Germany was the best way to preserve peace. ThisRead MoreTreaty of Versailles1324 Words   |  6 PagesTreaty of Versailles Essay One of the most important documents ever, The Treaty of Versailles was proposed to be a peace settlement between the victorious Allies and the defeated Germans at the outcome of World War I. The document was a major disaster and did not serve any of the purposes it was drawn for. The harsh provisions of the treaty along with its unfair orders to Germany led to the worlds most horrific leader come to power and also set the platform for another war. The treaty became aRead MoreThe Treaty of Versailles1055 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1919 at the Paris Peace Conference The Treaty of Versailles was formally drafted and World War I was finally brought to an end. The treaty was drafted by the Allied Powers, which consisted of Great Britain, France and the United States. This treaty blamed the war solely on Germany, and it required them to pay an amount of â€Å"$33 billion dollars in reparations, cede all of colonies, dismantle their air force, and greatly reduce their other military operat ions†(German Delegation, 291). The German

Stranger Than Fiction Movie Review Free Essays

Becoming Insane? Or Simply Hearing a Story? Stranger Than Fiction, directed by Mark Forster, is an unusual movie. I personally liked the movie very much, but it was definitely out of the mainstream of movies today. The main character, Harold Krick (played by Will Ferrell) is a seemingly normal IRS agent that lives life on a very punctual and precise schedule. We will write a custom essay sample on Stranger Than Fiction Movie Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is always on time for things and even counting the number of times he brushes his teeth in the morning! The character that Ferrell acts is not the typical character that Ferrell works on, but it is a very good change for him because it somewhat makes the audience think that there will be something comedic in the movie. As a whole, the cast was a very good choice and fit the characters well. The movie is very delightful because it shows various different themes in it. For example, the movie contains a sprinkle of bildungsroman qualities through the character development in Harold Krick. He evolves from a precise person, always on time but not really enjoying life to a courageous and caring person. In the beginning of the movie, the audience is revealed that Harold is very mathematical, shown by the various lines and measurements appearing on objects, and the fact that Harold can solve complex math problems in his head. This all changes when he hears a woman’s voice with a British accent. Harold believes that he is insane in the beginning, but he soon realizes that the voice is actually narrating his life. Upon that discovery, he searches for someone to help him which results in the audience meeting Professor Jules Hilbert (Dustin Hoffman), a very learned professor in literature and prose. I found some irony in this because his book shelves have various cookbooks and other types of books that do not pertain to prose. Professor Hilbert believes that Harold is schizophrenic at first, but when he hears the whole story, he decides to help Harold by telling him to carry a notebook around to see if the book is a comedy or a tragedy. The actors in the movie were absolutely phenomenal. The actors fit the attitude of the characters and Will Ferrell was one of the best. He takes the viewer off guard by being in a serious movie, and actually plays the part very well. Ferrell’s acting felt as if he was actually Harold and didn’t know what was happening in his life. The story line is a fairly straightforward structure, except for the plot twist at the end. It truly shows how Harold and other characters have developed through this movie. The overall mood of the movie is fairly sad until the plot twist. Although the mood was sad, the cinematography and lighting were simply amazing throughout the movie. The music in Stranger Than Fiction was an original soundtrack, with good songs throughout. This movie can be confusing at the end if you are not paying attention, because all of the facts come at you in quick succession. My opinion on if someone should rent or buy this movie would have to be rent it. The movie was well done, but not enough to make viewers want to watch the film again. How to cite Stranger Than Fiction Movie Review, Papers

Accounting Auditing Accountability Journal †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Accounting Auditing Accountability Journal? Answer: Introducation The Auditing and Assurance Board (AUASB) is an independent, statutory agency of the Australian Government, that monitors develops, issues and maintains auditing and assurance standards. AUASB standards are enforced by the law for audit or reviews from financial reports required under the corporations act 2001.AUASB has a plan that adopts a number changes to the Australian Auditing Standards resulting from the ISAAB project. Of these ISAAB projects, changes to the way auditors report are the most significant, mostly with the introduction of a new standard ASA701 (Christopher, Sarens, and Leung, 2009). The auditing standards makes use of the an auditors responsibility to communicate Key Audit Matters (KAMs) as reported in the auditors report and also involves an address of the auditors decision as to what to communicate in the auditors report and the composition of such communications. Communicating Kams In Auditors Report The main aim of auditors is to investigate the KAMs and having drawn a professional judgment on financial statements reported. This is communicated through describing what in the auditors report (Cosserat, and Rodda, 2009). New auditing standards ISA701 regulates auditors ability to determine and speak out the KAMs in the auditors report and applies to audits of full sets of general purpose of financial statement (Ifac.org, 2017). It also applies when it is a requirement by the law that the Auditor must communicate the KAMs for other organizations or communicates on personal will. The reason to communicate KAMs is to encourage the value of communication of the auditors report that helps to provide greater accountability of the audit that was done. The major characteristics of the new standards are: Enables auditors of separate organization to make decisions on if to include KAM in their audit report. Rules communication of the KAMs in auditors report of the entities listed. The documentation of the audit relating to the KAM The process through which the auditor determines the KAM by considering areas of high assessed risk. Communication of KAMs also provides more information to stakeholders of financial report to help them understand the matters that were most significance in the auditors decision. Communicating KAMs also helps the appropriate users to understand the most of the significance issues area of judgment in the results of the financial report audit. Communicating KAMs in the auditors report also assists the stakeholders to further engage with the advisory committee. When determining KAMs the significant judgments relating to the areas in the financial report that involved important management decision. KAMs are not supposed to be described where the law or regulation includes public disclosure about the issue or in rare circumstances, the auditor determines that the issue should not be communicated in the auditors report because there are adverse effects of doing so which would outweigh the public interests benefits. The ASA701 applies to audits of general purpose reports of the listed entities when the auditor decides to communicate key audit matters in the auditors report. Key Audit Matters (Kims) KAMs refer to issues that are most significance to an auditors professional decision when auditing an entity financial statement. KAM is selected with those issues that are charged with governance. KAMs are determined by an auditors perspective. through the auditors eyes (Arens et al., 2010).The judgment based decision-making framework in the new ASA 701 is designed for the auditor to select a small amount of issues from what to communication. KAM may be determined in the following ways: Professional decision of the auditor is applied in determining which issues to include in the audit report. The issues are drawn from the audit committee discussion and those matters communicated through the audit findings. The important auditors attention shows that an audit is risk-based. Issues that cause challenge to the auditor in obtaining enough evidence. Auditors report snapshot 28 March 2017 This provides insights and observations on Key Audit Matters. This shows the KAMs topics that were communicated: Goodwill and intangibles: the most common KAM relates to the carrying value assessment or impairment of goodwill and intangibles. Acquisition: over half of the acquisition KAMs arise in the TMT sector and 54% of all TMT audit reviewed. Revenue:42% of entities in the FS sector reported a KAM on revenue, resulting from the audit efforts applied in assessing the stage of completion. Expectations are that KAM arising from revenue should increase. Taxation: half of the taxation KAMs features in the energy and natural resources sector. Auditors focus in assessing the recognition and recoverability of deferred assets, featuring in 42% of taxation KAMs. Auditing Issues Sorrounding The Collapse Of Abc Learning Centre The ABC learning center aimed at providing additional skill and supervision for little children in the pre-school age, also for the aged and disabled. The concept of the childcare centers picked up in a large way in Australia when the ABC learning centers were started in 1998. ABC centers then became the largest of the daycare centers in Australia since it operated in the as a company and the corporate management gave a hand in its accelerated growth in short period of time. The downfall of the ABC learning centers began long before the management of the company came to realize. There was a described way of for the children to staff ratio and it was not possible to generate huge profits margins like others centers in those days by observing the terms of the rules. There was certainly a degradation of the level of education offered by the ABC learning centers since there was never sufficient staff to attend to the children. Some of the learners were disabled and others had others which required attention of a large group of staff which was not possible (Carey,Knechel, and Tanewski, 2013). Interviewees said that the ABC learning centers have no specialists cleaning staff hence the staffs at these centers are required to perform all the duties such as cleaning as well as care for the learners. The results of this are that the staff has less time to teach and care for the learners. A number of interviewees raised concerns on how the staffs were treated at some of the ABC learning centers. A number said that they used to complete tasks at home while others said that they did not receive their payments for set up time, clean up time or for evening staff meetings In the year 2003-04 the financial statements of ABC learning center provided a negative image. Only 56.7 percent of the incomes earned by the firm were to pay the staff dues. The expansion of ABC learning center into such a big participator in the Australian market had been triggered by the policies of the government. The economic and financial problems arose in the wake of the global financial crisis of 2008 which led to the fall of the company (Snchez-Medina, Blzquez-Santana, and Alonso, 2014). ABC learning centers acquisition led to the recognition of the licenses of operating the daycare centers and large amount of goodwill. In 2006, an unknown complaint came up in concerns with the Australian securities and investment commission about the valuation of the ABCs daycare licenses. One of the major things that have contributed to the fall of the ABC learning center is that of financial allegations. According to a representatives in the ACCC, the fall of the ABC learning center has not been the result of increasing competition but it has been due to financial malpractices such as high debts and more than normal acquisition (Azim, 2013). Also the downfall can be attributed by the discrepancies of the financial information provided by the ABC learning centers. It was known well enough that the ABC learning centers was operating under malpractices in the course of maintaining its accounts. The value of the assets decreased as the question of the malpractice increased. The founders of the ABC learning center, Mr Eddy Groves and Dr. Le Never Groves did not appear in the institution in September, 2008. The new management took over and they aimed at restoring the order in the company. This was by accepting the fact that the firm was operating under the malpractice that have been followed since then. Issues That Contributed To The Amendment Of Auditing Standards From Isa 507 To Isa 701 The AUASB matters in auditing standards ASA 701 which deals commonly with communicating KAM in auditors report about the requirement of the law and regulations provisions. Under section 336 of the laws and regulation of the Australian Government, the AUASB may amend Auditing Standards to handle certain corporation legislation. The Auditing standards contrast from the ASA 701, which have been accorded with the Australian Legislative environment and to keep audit quality where the AUASB has seen the importance of doing so. The Auditing standards provide application and other material involving the communication of KAM in the independent auditors report. The enactment of ASA 701 shows that the AUASB is fully committed to conform with the amendments to auditor reporting developed by the IAASB. Recommendations The Australian Legislative Committee should continue amending the auditing standard frequently to avoid fraud in businesses. This will show the effectiveness and the transparency of the audits made. The auditors should consider giving the correct judgment which is seen to be professional so that businesses and investors may have the overview of the financial statements of the company. Business and other institutions are supposed to keep good records of their important information including licenses and financial statements. This will help in getting the correct judgment from the auditors report. ABC learning center collapsed due to lack of keeping good financial records hence providing wrong information to the auditors which led to exposure of their malpractices. This shows the importance of the audit (Houghton, and Campbell, 2013). The new auditing standards ASA 701 communicating KAMs about the independent auditors report was developed as a result of global financial crises. This should be adopted and brought to the notice of the public in order to maintain the objective and purpose of the Australian Legislative Committee Conclusion In conclusion, the new audit standard ASA 701 communicating key matters in independent auditors report shows how the Australian Legislative Committee is committed to enhancing transparency in auditing. Communicating KAMs helps the investors to have an overview of the companies they are investing in. The new auditing standards ASA 701 regulates the auditors ability to communicate on key audit matters that is contained in the audit report. The Auditing Standards conforms to the international standards ISA 701 and communicates key audit matter in auditor reports which is independent as issued by IAASB and IFAC. The downfall of the ABC learning center was not attributed by competition, but the discrepancies of the financial information provided and the tendency of keeping books of accounts. References Arens, A.A., Arens, A., Best, P., Fiedler, B.A., Shailer, G., Elder, R.J. and Beasley, M., (2010). Auditing, assurance services and ethics in Australia: an integrated approh. Azim, M.I., (2013). Independent Auditors Report: Australian Trends From 1996 to 2010. Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing, 9(3), p.356. Carson, E., Fargher, N. and Zhang, Y., 2016. Trends in auditor reporting in Australia: A synthesis and opportunities for research. Australian Accounting Review, 26(3), pp.226-242. Carey, P., Knechel, W.R. and Tanewski, G., (2013). Costs and Benefits of Mandatory Auditing of For?profit Private and Not?for?profit Companies in Australia. Australian Accounting Review, 23(1), pp.43-53. Christopher, J., Sarens, G. and Leung, P., (2009). A critical analysis of the independence of the internal audit function: evidence from Australia. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 22(2), pp.200-220. Cosserat, G.W. and Rodda, N., (2009). Modern auditing. Wiley. Houghton, K. and Campbell, T., (2013). Ethics and auditing (p. 354). ANU Press. Ifac.org. (2017). Accounting Standards | Governance | Publications and Resources | IFAC. [online] Available at: https://www.ifac.org/publications-resources [Accessed 18 Sep. 2017]. Snchez-Medina, A.J., Blzquez-Santana, F. and Alonso, J.B (2014). Do Auditors Reflect the True Image of the Company Contrary to the Clients Interests? An Artificial Intelligence Approach. Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-17. Xu, Y., Carson, E., Fargher, N. and Jiang, L., (2013). Responses by Australian auditors to the global financial crisis. Accounting Finance, 53(1), pp.301-338.

AFE Sem Essay Example

AFE Sem Paper Positive theories are typically valuated by considering how well the explanations or predictions relate to actual observations. Normative theories are not evaluated on the basis of their correspondence With observations Of real world phenomena. For example, a researcher may develop a theory that prescribes a particular approach to asset valuation. The theory should not be considered as invalid if people currently do not adopt the prescribed approach to asset valuation. 1. 6 The SAAB and the FAST are currently developing a revised conceptual framework of financial reporting. If you have been asked to review the framework ?which is an example of a normative theory of accounting-?why would it be important for you to pay particular attention to how the objective of financial reporting is defined within the framework? Fifth revised conceptual framework (which is an example to a normative theory) is based upon, or built upon, a particular objective (or, assumption) then, before we are likely to accept the prescriptions provided by the revised framework we would need to satisfy ourselves that we accept the central assumption. If we reject the central assumption, then no matter how logically developed the theory might be we ill reject its prescriptions Within the exposure draft released in 2008 as part of the development of the revised framework it was stated: The objective of general purpose financial reporting is to provide financial information about the reporting entity that is useful to present and potential equity investors, lenders and Other creditors in making decisions in their capacity as capital providers. We will write a custom essay sample on AFE Sem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on AFE Sem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on AFE Sem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Therefore, if we rejected the above belief about the objective of general purpose financial reporting then we would probably reject the contents Of most Of the bevies conceptual framework; given that is has been developed from the perspective Of this underlying Objective. For example, if we believed that general purpose financial reporting should provide information about the financial impacts an organization has a broad group of stakeholders beyond those that hold, or intend to hold, a financial interest (that is, we take a broader accountability-based perspective rather than one that focuses on providing information to parties involved in resource allocation decisions) then we would question the prescriptions provided by the framework. . 8 What is the difference between developing a theory by induction and developing a theory by deduction? As explained in this chapter, theory that is developed through induction is developed as a result Of undertaking a series Of observations Of particular events, and on the basis of these observations, a theory is developed. Early theories Of accounting (for example, in the sass) were often developed by observing what accountants were actually doing in practice. This led to the formulation of certain conventions and doctrines of accounting which were considered to be theories. As we discussed however, developing theory on the basis of observation typically does not allow us to address the issue of what would be the most appropriate behavior in particular circumstances (and determining appropriate behavior will in turn be influenced by particular assumptions or value judgments made by the researcher), That is, it does not encourage us to evaluate what the accountants are doing. By contrast, developing theory on the basis of deduction does not rely upon observation. Rather, it relies upon the use to logic to develop arguments and related theory. Some theories developed through deduction-?such as positive accounting theories which are developed and then used to predict particular behavior can be tested (but not initially developed) through subsequent observation, Other theories developed through deduction-?such as Chambers theory of accounting (Continuously Contemporary not be evaluated through subsequent observation as he avgas prescribing a particular approach to accounting that avgas in stark contrast to what accountants were doing at the time. 1. 9 Is the study of financial accounting theory a waste of time for accounting students? Explain your answer. Some interesting answers should be given here. The perspective adopted by the author of your textbook, and many Other accounting academics, is that the outputs Of the accounting system are used in many decisions throughout society and hence it is important to consider how particular accounting methods, or changes thereto, will impact various groups. If we only considered how to calculate accounting numbers, without considering their impacts, then we would be only getting a fraction of the total ;story. People involved in accounting logically need to have some respective about how people will react to different accounting numbers or forms of disclosure; accounting theories can provide us with such insight. Apart from considering how accounting numbers might impact different groups, people involved in accounting should arguably understand the different factors which might have influenced accounting standard-setters when they developed particular requirements. They should also be aware of research that suggests improvements to current practices (with such information perhaps being derived from different normative theories of accounting), As you will see throughout the codebook, there are various perspectives about why organizations might adopt particular accounting If we are ultimately involved in reading financial statements, then understanding the possible motivations of those in charge of preparing the financial statements will be useful. For example, some theories suggest that managers will want to use those accounting methods that provide the greatest benefits to themselves personally (from Positive Accounting Theory). Other theoretical perspectives suggest that a reporting entity will be motivated to provide information primarily to powerful stakeholders (from Stakeholder Theory), or that the managers of reporting entities provide information to legitimate the entitys ongoing existence (from Legitimacy Theory). Chapter 12 of the book provides a perspective (a critical perspective) that suggests that financial accounting is a mechanism to further the interests Of those people who currently have wealth, and to undermine the interests of those without wealth. As this brief discussion shows, there are numerous views about the implications of accounting, and the factors which cause managers to select one accounting method in preference to another. Such insights might be useful hen interpreting particular accounting disclosures, If we do not read about accounting theory then these insights might not be available to us. . 24 What do we mean when we say that theories are abstractions of reality? Do you agree that theories of accounting are necessarily abstractions to reality? It is generally accepted that theories cannot be proved. They are often developed to explain a particular phenomenon (positive theory) and will rely upon a number of simplifying assumptions to make them workable (some of the b est theories are often considered to be the simplest theories). When considering the development of theories to explain human behavior (for example, the behavior to accountants or the behavior of users of financial statements) a number of assumptions must be made about how people act, how they are motivated, and so on. Arguably, people are all different and their behaviors cannot be predicted with total accuracy _ Further, people Veil not always be consistent in how they act. If we attempted to develop a theory to predict behavior With near-perfect accuracy then the development Of the theory would take forever and really could probably never achieve its goal. Hence, theorists make simplifying assumptions and the ultimate theory Will therefore be a simplifying abstraction of reality. 1. 26 Would you reject as insignificant and useless a positive theory of accounting on the basis that in a particular research study the results derived failed to support the hypotheses and the related theory? Explain your answer, We would probably not reject a theory as insignificant and useless on the basis that a particular study failed to provide support for the theory, Since theories, by necessity, are abstractions of reality they cannot be expected to generate reductions that will always hold.

Band dream essays

Band dream essays I can remember growing up and thinking the best part of the Katy football games where when the band marched at halftime. I would stand on the bleachers and wave my hands up and down pretending to direct the band. The sound of the music, the neat uniforms and the gleam of all the instruments under the stadium lights was wonderful. I started dreaming way back then of being in the Katy band just like my older brother. I watched and listened as my brother practiced his music everyday. I knew that I would have to work just as hard to achieve my goal of being in band. I was afraid that learning how to read music would be difficult for me. When I joined the West Memorial Junior High Band I realized reading music came naturally to me. I continued in the band all through junior high, knowing all my efforts would soon bring me to my goal of being a part of the Katy Band. Before I knew it, I was standing at the end zone at Rhodes Field waiting to make my first half-time performance. I was so nervous as I walked to my place on the field. Was I really was ready to do it? I counted one two three then we started. I went thru my first set then my second and third and so on. When I got to the tenth it was over. I had done it and had not mess up once. I was very proud of myself when the band directors said what a really good job we had done especially since most of us had never marched before. After I finished I remembered back to when I was a kid in the stands thinking that some kid out there was like me dreaming to be on the field. On my way back to the stands I had realized how much band had changed my life already. As I got back into my seat I realized I had not only accomplished my dream, but many other things. I had met new friends including my best friend and boyfriend I will keep all through high school and hopefully longer. I have learned through hard work and dedication you can achieve your dreams. ...

Marketing opportunities of Columbia Sportswe, Umbro, Ltd. and Lotto Essay

Marketing opportunities of Columbia Sportswe, Umbro, Ltd. and Lotto Sport - Essay Example Columbia Sportswear: Columbia sportswear founded in 1938 is an American company that mainly deals with manufacture and distribution of adventure wear, sportswear, outerwear and respective accessories. The company has its headquarters in Washington County, Oregon. Over the decades, the company has been able to establish a niche market for itself with great products of highest quality and service. The various products of the company are jackets, shirts, fleece, vests, shorts, bottoms, footwear and other accessories such as backpacks, gloves, scarfs, caps, etc. The company has its presence mainly in America and Europe. Umbro, Ltd.: Umbro is England Company based in Greater Manchester. It is now a subsidiary of Nike. Umbros is also a sports oriented company with its niche being sports related products. Its main activities involve designing of spots related apparels and equipments. It also sources and markets its products. Even though the company’s products involve all sports related products, its niche has been football. The company is known of its products for football. Umbro owned majority stakes in the United Soccer leagues. The company’s products are sold in over 90 countries across the world. Lotto Sport: Lotto Sports is again a sports apparel manufacture established in 1973 and based in Italy. It started out as a footwear manufacturer and has today branched out to manufacturing and selling of other apparel and equipments. Today, Lotto distributes its products around the world in more than 70 countries. It also is an active sponsor of various teams and sportspersons around the world (Lotto, 2011). Marketing Opportunities The various marketing opportunities that the above firms can use to gain a competitive advantage and increase their market share are: Affiliate marketing: Affiliate marketing is a tool that helps a business to reach the masses on the internet without actually making a major commitment towards marketing expenses. It is a web-based marketing practice that will generate a sale or a lead for the business with the help of an affiliate’s business or a website. The affiliate will be rewarded if a lead or a sale is generated from the affiliate’s eff orts (Ryan & Jones, 2009). Even though this is a common practise it is an effective one and can drive traffic to the website. None of the above companies use this and it is highly recommended for all the three companies. Best example of affiliate marketing on business is Amazon.com. Amazon.com has used affiliate marketing to boost its sales and at the same time reach a greater audience worldwide with an internet presence that is rivalled by very few. Affiliate marketing can be categorised into low-hanging fruit as it is not very difficult to achieve and does not need a lot of effort. It is used by many and is also affordable which can be generate consistent sales even if it fewer in number. One of the main risks with affiliate marketing is the negative perception among consumers about the numerous online tracking technologies and also affiliates who are unethical and create a negative impression for the company. This has to be countered before going forward with implementation. This strategy will result in minor financial improvements for the company and will have a public relations effect on the firm. Social Media Marketing: